Pneumatic tire



I. GOLDBURG April 3o, 1929.

PNEUMATIG TIRE v Filed sept. 15, 1925 3 vSheec.s-Sheet l Alun I, n

lll-ll H INIT April 3o, 1929.

l. GOLDBURG PNEUMATIC TIRE Filed Sept. 15, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 April 30, 1929. l. GOLDBURG PNEUMATIC TIRE Filed sept. 15, 1925 s Sheets-sheet 5 Patented Apr.. 30, i929.,

'rar ori-uca.

IRVNG'GOLDBURG, OF SUFFEBN, .NEW YORK.

NEUMATC TERE.

Application filed September 15, l. Serial No. 56,540.

This invention relates to improvements in pneumatic tires for vehicle Wheels, and more particularly tothe type utilising an inner tube and an exterior casing or shoe.

The primary object in View is the obviating of the necessity for the di'liculty and labor of the separation. of a tire and its tirecarrying rim relative to each other incident to the presence of a radial, inwardly-extending valve stem projecting through said rim.

A. further object in view is the effective inflation and maintenance of an inflated condition of they inner tube While eliminating the customary radial, inwardly-extending valve stem. y

A. more detail object is the location of an inflating valve accessible at'the side of the tire instead of Within the circle described by the tire and so constructed and guarded as to preclude relative movement of the inner tube carried-parts With respect to the vcasing carried parts.

`With these and further objects in view as will in part hereinafter become apparent and in part be stated, the invention comprises certain novel construct-ions, combinations and arrangements of parts as subsequently specified and claimed.

- ln the accompanying drawings,-

lligur'e l is a fragmentary view in side elevation of a tire embodying` the features of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a transverse section therethrough taken on the plane. indicated by line 2)-2 of Figure l, the partsbeing seen on an enlarged.V scale.

Figure 3 is a section taken on the plane indicated by line of Figure 2, the valve stem being seen in section. and fully seated and the interior parts in elevation. the scale being further enlarged.

Figure l is a section taken on the plane indicated by line l-a of Figure 2 on a scale enlarged with respect to that of Figure 2, but smaller than that of Figure 3.

-Figure 5 is a section similar to Figure 3 on the saine scale but with the valve stem seen in elevationand in its loosely seated position.

Figure 6 is a transverse section through the valvestem and its receiving sleeve detached, the parts beingseen on therscale of Figure 3. f i

Figure Z is a ygreatly enlarged detail sectional perspective of the hardened core or enlargement surrounding the anchorage sleeve for the valve stem, the parts being shown separated and detached from the casing in which they are normally embedded Figure 8 is a top plan vieu7 of the structure seen in Figure 7 Figure 9 is an edge viev:r thereof, j the marginal bead core being seen insection. Figure l0 is a fragmentary, rearelevation thereof. l

p It is, of course, Well lrnoWn'tol those familiar with the art that a great deal of difficult at times experienced in the yassembling of a tire on a demount-able rim, and especially in dismantling' these parts incident to the presence of a radial, inward ly-extending inflation .valve stem. This ditliculty has been found to be greatly increased With the low pressure type `of tires L.recently Widely adopted for use and commonly referred to as balloon7 tires Such a tire is illustrated in the accompanying draWings, and in Figure Q is seen mounted on the ordinary straightfside demountable rim, but it should be understood that the lpresent invention is rWell adapted for use in Aconjunction with any pneumatic tire comprising an outer shoe or casing and an inner tube Which'niust be iniated and retained inflated by means accessible from the exterior of the casing. j

Referring to the drawings by numerals, l indicates a demountable rim of any of the conventional types, such as the Well known cross-cut, straight-side rim, but said rim may be of thequicklyk detachable type or otherwise so long as adapted for receiving the tire. The tire consists of the exterior vshoe or casing 2 and the inner tube 8, the said casing 2, as shown in the drawings, `being of' the conventional balloon type, but thejinvention is applicable to any known type. t is customary to provide the casing Q, with marginal beads 4, d, ofnon-elastic form, consisting of a hard rubber core 5 surrounded by the terminal vportions of the fabric of the tire (and the term fabric here is intended to include cord construction), each core 5 having embeddedv Within it a niet-allicband 6 preferably inthe form of a rnu'lotipleA strand cable.- These nonelastic or hard marginal beads l, 4 are located in and removed from the rim l by any o fmany Well known methods, such, for example, as

the provision of across-cut through the'4 lll) Cil

CTI

rim 1 and the springing of one end of the rim out of place and the collapsing of the rim suliiciently for the required manipulation of the beads Il relative thereto. rlhis operation, when effected by a skilled operator, is not found diiiicult, especially when adequate machinery, such as customarily present in garages and machine shops, is available. The amount of collapsing or spring of the rim, however, is frequently increased by the conditions occasioned incident to the presence of a long valve stein extending through the rim 1, and when an ordinary automobile operator, such as the average owner, finds it necessary, at the road-side or other place inaccessible to facilitating machinery, to remove and replace a tire his already great ditliculties are greatly enhanced and rendered burdensome by the excess strain incident to the presence of the valve stem. It is also to be observed that while it is common to rock7 an ordinary demountable rim onto a wheel, it is nevertheless necessary to provide an aperture through the dcmountable rim and through the fixed rim and felly through which the radial, inwardly-extending valve stein must be introduced before the rocking operation can be effected. Vit-h balloon tires, accessibility of the valve stem to the aperture in the iixed rim and felly is frequently rendered ditlicult by the relatively cramped space between the fender of the automobile and the telly, and this is true perhaps in a varying degree with other forms of pneumatic tires than the balloon. These di'liiculties are overcome by the present invention. Viith disk wheels, special provision must be made to accommodate the radially extending valve stem. The present invention eliminates the necessity for the aperture in the demountable rim and in the felly portion of the wheel, and, of course, eliminates the difficulties incident to adapting a valve stem to a disk wheel.

Extended and careful tests have demonstrated that many dangers are presented in any attempt to deliver air through the side of the casing or shoe to the inner tube, be-

i cause of the ease with which relative movement between parts may occur and the di'liiculty of overcoming such movement. The walls of the shoe are normally elastic, and a tube extending therethrough, even though clamped against such walls, may rock incident to the elasticity of such walls, and the slightest relative movement soon develops under the strain of usage into excessive play and concludes either with destruction of the casing or the rupture of the anchorage of the stem to the inner tube or both. These difficulties also have been fully overcome by thel present invention.

To this end, the inner tube 3 is engaged by an outstanding valve stem 7. The valve stein 7 is of special construction, being provided at its inner extremity with a surrounding flange 8 adapted to clamp the inner face of the tube 3 and being provided ust outside the tube 3 with a clamping annulus 9, the annulus being threaded at 1l) onto a threaded, hanged portion 1l of the stem 7 spaced from the flange 6 a distance accommodating part of the tube 3. The tube 3 is apertured for the passage of the stem, and, in assembling, the material about the aperture is stretched over the flange 8 and springs back into the space between the flange 8 and the fia-nge 11. rllhen the material of the inner tube is clamped to a nonleaking engagement with the flange 8 by the screwing down of the annulus 9. Rotation of the annulus 9 is preferably accomplished by a spanner wrench or like tool engaging apertures 12, 12, disposed for receiving the same. The material of the tube 3 is preferably somewhat thickened at and adjacent the place of engagement with the valve stein to adapt the tube for intimate Contact with the adjacent, specially constructed, parts of the casing 1. Outward of the threaded 'iange 11, the valve stem 7 is provided with inclined fillet-s .or wedgelike webs 13, 13. As many of the webs 13 are provided as desired, it being preferable to employ at least three, best seen in Figure (l, to insure against any possible rocking or lateral play of the stem when finally seated. The valve stem 7 is exteriorly smooth and cylindrical from the outer extremity of the webs 13 to a point near the outer end of the stem at which the stein is provided with external threads 1; extending to the outer extremity.

rThe casing 2 is provided with a specially constructed aperture for accommodating the stem 7. Said aperture is lined with a metallic `sleeve 15 terminating at its inner end in an annular iiange 1G, and at its outer end in a similar flange 17. The inner portion ,of sleeve 15 as it approaches the flange '16 is provided with inwardly-flaring or inclined groovesl 18, 18, corresponding in number, shape and location to the webs 13 and adapted to snugly receive the same, the parts being proportioned to afford a seating stress or tensioning under a wedging action of the webs as they come to their final, seated position from the position seen in Figure to the position seen in Figure 3. The sleeve l5 is internally proportioned to snugly receive the smooth, cylindrical portion of the stem 7. Since, if the liner or sleeve were merely located in the ordinary flexible wall of a tire casing it would be liable to movement incident to the elasticity of such wall, provision is made against such relative movement by the employment of anchorage means to the adjacent marginal bead 4t. This anchorage means preferably assumes the form, as shown in the accompanying lli) drawings, of an extension of the core 5 and the cable 6 up and aboutthe sleeve 15 for rigidly retaining` the same against circumferential or radial movement lrelative to other parts of the casing 2. The hard rubber. core 5, as best seen in Figures 4 and 7, is extended in a body 19 upward to and about the sleeve 15, the said hard rubber being preferably arranged to directly engage the outer face of the sleeve and the adjacent faces of the 'lianges 16 and 17, and being also shaped, as best seen in Figures `7 to 10, to provide an annular enlargement 2O surrounding the middle portion of the sleeve 15, the said annular enlargement having embedded therein the loop or extended portion 21 of the cable 6. The cable may be thus extended from the bead' i in any appropriate manner, but care must be exercised to prevent any possible opportunity for elongation of the cable incident to eX- panding stresses on the rim 1 exerted against and resisted by the hard beads 4i. To this end, the extended laps of the cable to forni 'the loop 21 are enclosed in a metallic sleeve 22 which resists any expanding stresses tending to elongate the cable and to pull said laps of the cable apart. may, of course, be provided for anchorage of the sleeve 15 to the hard bead 11 within the spirit and scope of the present invention, and, in fact, itis contemplated that otheranchorage means may be provided for retaining the sleeve 15 and the stem 7 against possible relative movement with respect to the casing 2 independently of the hard bead 4.

When the parts are assembled7 the threaded portion 111 of stem 7 is engaged first by a relatively thin or washerlike nut 23 for retaining the parts in place during the operation of inflating the inner tubeand. prior to the covering of thestem for regular use. In assembling the parts, the tube is introduced into the shoe in the usual manner, except that the valve stem 7 is thrust through the sleeve 15 in lieu ofthe location of the radial valve between the marginal beads of the shoe or casing 2. AThe parts are then in the position indicated in Figure 5. The washer-like nut 23 is then applied and threaded to the position seen in Figure '3 which effects a drawing of the stem 7 outward .under the wedging action of the webs 13 engaging the grooved portions 18 of the sleeve 15. The parts are proportioned to cause this stress to be suiiiciently great, when the parts are finally seated, as seen in Figure 3, to effect a rigid engagement between the valve stem 7 and the sleeve 15. When this condition of the parts is reached, a'

Other means of the screw 211, but provision should made to prevent accidental loosening of said nut 23. The operation of the nut 23 may be laccomplished` by any appropriate tool, such,

for example, as the spanncr wrench employed on the annulus 9, and to this end recesses 23are formed'in t-he'nut 23.

A flap or liner 2 of the ordinary*commercial forin is applied about the inner part of the tire with the marginal portions of the iijap lying between the beads i and the tube 3, so that, when assembled, the liner 2 will be interposed between the outer metal face of The tube 7 is provided with the usual air check valve 25 of the ordinary commercial type,- a-nd after the parts have been assembled to the point of the application of the nut 23, as seen in Figure 3, air under pres sure is introduced past the valve r25 to the extent required for the desired infiation of vthe tire whether of the balloon type or of the standard type. When this is accomplished, a cover plate or caplile nut'26 is applied to the outer extremity of theA stein 7 and is threaded to the seated position seen in VFigures 1 and 3. This cap nut is provided with Spanner wrench receiving` apertures 27, or other appropriate tool-receiving means for facilitating application and removal. The

nut 26 may, of course, assume of variousl contours, but is preferably especially adapted to gua-rdvthe inner parts against thceffect of frictional Contact with curbings, stones, and other obstructions liable to be struck during use, and to this endl the nut 26 is preferably offset at its innerface to snugly receive the nut 28 and flange 17 and to contact witl the hard rubbercore and overlie some of the regular elastic' portion of the casing 2 outward of and beyond the hard rubber. The outer face of the nut 26 is preferably curved toA best adapt it for serving as a chaling plate during use.

It is, of course, apparent that the anchor-- age of the sleeve 15in non-movable relation to the casing 2-1svof essential importance,

and the hard rubber core which-is extended up and about the sleeve 15 in the form of the enlargement 20 hasbeen designed to most effectively accomplish this end. This enlarged core may assume any of various shapes best adapted for the purpose, but one effective form has been found to consist of the arrangement of the parts of the core as seen in detail in Figures 7 to 10 inclusive from which it will be seen that the enlarge- Liu ment 20 has a central bore or passage to accommodate the sleeve l5 With the inner end of the bore provided with grooves 2Q, 2Oa to accommodate the enlargements or' the sleeve providing the grooves 18 therein. Each end or' the sleeve portion of enlargement 2() of the hardened core terminates in an annular flange, the outer being indicated at 20h and the inner at 20C. Flange. 2Gb is in the torm of a substantially flat annulus presenting a hard back for the inner Iiace ot the flange 17 of sleeve l5, while the flange 20C is preferably shaped to conform not alone to the outer face of the iiange 16, but to en* circle the edge thereof. The core 2O with its details is preferably formed and located in place in the usual manner of Yforming and locating the core of each of the hard marginal beads of the customary commercial tire casing or shoe.

That is claimed is l. The combination of a tire casing having a non-elastic bead, an inner tube Wi thin the casing, a valve stem projecting from the inner tube through the side oi' the casing, and means of rigid anchorage et the valve stem to the non-elastic bead.

2. In pneumatic tire structures, a vtire casing having a non-elastic marginal bead, and valve stem anchorage means at the side ot the tire connected to said bead.

3. In pneumatic tire structures, a tire casing having a non-elastic marginal bead, rigid valve stem anchoring means at the side of said casing, and a non-elastic connection between the rigid anchoring means and the non-elastic bead.

l. In pneumatic tire structures7 a tire casing having a marginal bead formed with a metallic core, and valve stem anchorage means at the side of the casing anchored to said core.

5. The combination of a tire casing, an inner tube therein, a valve stem `for the inner tube extending through the Wall 0i' the casing, and wedging means for anchoring the valve stem rigidly to the casing against movement relative to the casing.

6. The combination of a tire casing, an inner tube therein, a valve stem extending through the Wall oli the casing, threaded anchorage means tor the valve stem, and wedging means actuated by the threaded anchorage means for eli'ecting a. rigid anchorage of the valve stem to the casing.

7. In pneumatic tire structures ol the inner tube type, a tire casing having a valve stem passage through the material oiE the casing surrounded by rigid inelastic Walls,

said inelastic Walls being formed integral with the casing. Y

8. In pneumatic tire structures 0I" the in ner tube type, the combination or a tire casing having a valve stem opening through the material of the casing surrounded by an inelastic wall, an inner tube Within the casing, a valve stem extending from the inner tube through said opening7 and Wedging means engaging the valve stem and inelastic 'wall of the valve stem opening for eli'ecting a non-movable contact between the valve stem and the inelastic Wall.

9. In pneumatic tire structures ot the inner tube type, the combination oa tire casing having a valve stem opening through the material of the casing surrounded by an inelastic Wall7 an inner tnbewithin the casing, a valve stem carried by the inner tube and extending through said opening, said valve stem having inclined Webs engaging the inelastic Wall, and means for anchoring the valve stem Within said opening With the Vwebs drawn to a wedging position.

l0. rihe combination ot pneumatic tire casing having a valve stem opening through vthe material of the casing formed With a rigid, non-elastic Wall, an inner tube Within the casing, a valve stem extending through the valve stem opening, and a charting nut threaded onto the outer end of the valve stem in position 'for clamping the stem rigidly Within the non-elastic wall oit the opening.

ll. rIhe combination of a tire casing having a non-elastic bead extending about the case circun'lferentially "thereof, an inner tube ivi thin the casing, a valve stem communicating through the inner tube and extending through the side of the casing7 and means of rigid anchorage ot the valve stem to the non-elastic bead.

l2. The combination of a. resilient tire cas- .Y b the side thereof, said casing having a nonresilient part, and means oi"A non-resilient anchorage ot the walls of said tosaid non-resilient part.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

passageway IRVING GOLDBURG, 

